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South Korea, Taiwan face helium risks for chip supply

Fitch Ratings warned semiconductor industries in South Korea and Taiwan face helium shortages due to reliance on Qatar.

The risk is tied to disruptions in the Middle East after US-Israeli attacks on Iran disrupted LNG production in Qatar and constrained shipments through the Strait of Hormuz.

Helium, a by-product of natural gas, is used in chip manufacturing for ultra-clean cooling, leak detection, and inert shielding.

South Korea sourced about 64.7% of its helium imports from Qatar last year.

Taiwan also relies on Qatar for the majority of its supplies, while Japan gets about half its helium from the US and 28% to 33% from Qatar, with inventories held in the US and Qatar.

Fitch warned medium-term risks could emerge if disruptions persist and replenishment cycles become harder to manage.

🔗 Source: South China Morning Post

🧠 Food for thought

Implications, context, and why it matters.

A third of the world’s helium supply is at risk, and the clock is ticking

  • The outage is larger than it sounds. Qatar provides about 30% to 38% of the world’s helium, depending on the year 1.
  • Ras Laffan, an industrial port and LNG hub in Qatar, went offline and pulled about 30% of global helium supply from the market 2.
  • One consultant put the window at about two weeks before gas distributors may need expensive route changes to move supply elsewhere 2.
  • Prices reacted fast. Reuters wrote that helium spot prices doubled as buyers rushed to lock in volumes 3.

Helium scarcity could accelerate a push for resilience in chipmaking

  • Advanced chipmakers in South Korea and Taiwan face outsized exposure because helium use rises as each manufacturing node shrink increases 4.
  • The squeeze may speed up work already underway. Semiconductor fabrication plants (fabs) plus chemical-and-gas suppliers are putting money into gas management and recycling to cut dependence on new helium 4.
  • Chipmaking relies on helium for wafer cooling plus leak checks in vacuum systems 5.
  • Market research also says SK Hynix and Samsung are building systems that recycle gases such as neon and argon. This helps operational resilience, though it does not target helium in particular 6.

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