Researchers John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton received Tuesday the Nobel Prize in physics for their AI contributions.

Their foundational work in developing artificial neural networks has transformed scientific research, medical applications, and everyday technology.

Hopfield, an American scientist at Princeton University, and Hinton, a Canadian-British researcher at the University of Toronto, are recognized for their work in developing artificial neural networks that underpin modern machine learning.

Mark Pearce, a member of the Nobel physics committee, said, “These two gentlemen were really the pioneers.”